(1) Kusankhidwa kwa njira zogwiritsira ntchito
Kusankhidwa kwa njira yokonza ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kukonzanso kulondola komanso kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe. Chifukwa nthawi zambiri pamakhala njira zambiri zogwirizira kukwaniritsa zofanana ndi kulondola, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa mawonekedwe, kukula, ndi kutentha chithandizo cha ziwalozo mukamasankha. Mwachitsanzo, njira zopangira makina monga zotopetsa, ndikupumira, ndikupera kuti mabowo am'madzi atha kukwaniritsa zolondola, koma mabowo pa bokosilo amagwiritsa ntchito zotopetsa kapena kukonzanso m'malo mwakugaya. Nthawi zambiri, kukonzekereratu kuyenera kusankhidwa kwa mabowo ang'onoang'ono a bokosi, ndipo otopetsa ayenera kusankhidwa pomwe dzenje lomwe lili ndi dzenje ndilokulira. Kuphatikiza apo, tiyenera kuganiziranso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podyera komanso chuma chothandiza, komanso zochitika zothandiza za oyendetsa fakitale. Kulondola kwachuma ndikulondola kwa njira zopangira njira wamba kumatha kupezeka munjira zoyenera kulemba.
(2) Wolamulira wa Rupe wokhala ndi dongosolo linalake
Makina ofananira ofananira pazigawo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamakina olakwika, semi-kumaliza ndikumaliza. Sikokwanira kuti malo awa asankhe njira yofananira yolingana ndi zofunikira, ndipo mapulani oyitanitsa kuchokera ku chikalata chomaliza kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa molondola. Mukamasankha dongosolo la kukonza, choyambirira, malinga ndi zofunikira ndi zofunikira komanso kukhazikika kwa malo oyamba, kuyenera kukhala njira yosinthira kuti ikwaniritse izi. Mwachitsanzo, mabowo ndi mainchesi ochepa kwambiri olondola, pomwe njira yomaliza ikubwezeretsera bwino, nthawi zambiri imakonzedwa kudzera kubowola, ndikusintha, komanso kukweza koopsa pamaso pabwino.
Chachinayi, kusiyana pakati pa njira ndi masitepe
(1) Kusiyanitsa njira
Magawo ogwiritsira ntchito makina a CNC amatha kukhazikika kwambiri mu njirayi, ndipo njira zambiri kapena zonsezi zimatha kumaliza ntchito momwe mungathere. Choyamba, malinga ndi kujambula chithunzi, lingalirani ngati gawo lokonzedwa likutha kumaliza kukonza gawo lonse pa chida cha CNC. Ngati sichoncho, muyenera kusankha gawo lomwe lidzakonzedwa pa chida cha CNC chomwe chidzakonzedwa pa zida zina zamakina. Njira zokonzanso za magawo zimasiya.
(2) Kugawidwa kwa ntchito
Kusiyanitsa njira zoyenera kuyenera kuonedwa makamaka kuchokera kumbali zolondola ndi mphamvu yolondola ndi mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri pamafunika kusankha zida zosiyanasiyana ndikudula magawo, ndikusiya kukonzanso pamalo osiyanasiyana. Pofuna kuwongolera kusanthula ndi kufotokozera kwa njira yovuta kwambiri, njirayi imagawidwa kuti ipangidwe. Otsatirawa amatenga likulu ngati chitsanzo chosonyeza wolamulira wolamulira wa zojambulajambula:
1) Malo omwewo amamalizidwa ndi kuwononga, semi-kumaliza, ndikumaliza, kapena malo onse okonzedweratu amalekanitsidwa ndikuthana.
2) Kwa magawo okhala ndi nkhope zokhala ndi mabowo komanso mabowo otopetsa, nkhope imatha kusungunuka kaye kenako ndikutopetsa. Malinga ndi njira iyi kuti asiyanitse njira, mutha kupititsa patsogolo kulondola kwa dzenje. Chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwakukulu pakathana, malo ogwirira ntchito amakonda kusintha. Nkhopeyo imasemphana kenako dzenje limakhala lotopetsa kulola kuti chiletso chakubwezeretsa kulondola kwa dzenje lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwongolero.
3) Gawani ntchito ndi chida. Nthawi yosinthira ya zida zina zamakina ndifupifupi kuposa nthawi yosintha. Mutha kusankha kugawa zomwe ntchito ndi zida zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa zida za chida ndikupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yokonza.
Mwachidule.
Zisanu, kusankha kwa zida ndi zokutira kwa magawo
(1) Wolamulira wapansi wa chipangizo chotsatira
1) Yesetsani kukhala yogwirizana ndi ma benchmark okonzekera, njira ndi mapulogalamu owerengera.
2) Yesani kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi yopingasa, ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe onse kuti akonzedwe mutatha kuyimitsa ndikuwongolera kamodzi.
3) Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosinthira zamagulu omwe amatenga makinawo kuti athe kusewera nawo mokwanira zida za makina a CNC.
(2) Kusankha wolamulira wapansi
Makhalidwe a CNC Makina oyambiranso zinthu ziwiri zoyambira: imodzi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti njira yolumikizira yofikizirayo imakhazikika ndi njira yolumikizira chida chamakina; Wina ndi kugwirizanitsa ubale wapakati pa gawo ndi chida chamakina chogwirizanitsa dongosolo. Kuphatikiza apo, tiyenera kuganizira mfundo zinayi zotsatirazi:
1) Mbali ya magawo si yayikulu, yosinthasintha, zosintha zosinthika ndi zokutira zina zokwaniritsa ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofupikitsa nthawi yokonzekera kupanga ndikusunga ndalama.
2) Ingoganizirani za kugwiritsa ntchito fixtates yapadera ikatha kudya, ndikuyesetsa kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta.
3) Kutsitsa ndi kutsitsa magawo kuyenera kukhala mwachangu, kosavuta komanso zodalirika kuti mudule nthawi yoimitsa makina.
4) Magawo omwe ali pachotsutso sayenera kulepheretsa machira a ziwalo zamakina, ndiye kuti: mabampu, etc.).
Zisanu ndi chimodzi, kusankhidwa kwa zida ndi zodulira zimatsimikiziridwa
(1) Kusankhidwa kwa zida
Kusankhidwa kwa zida zodula ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zili zofunika kwambiri mu CNC. Sizongokhudza mphamvu yamakina ya chida chamakina, komanso zimakhudzanso zabwino. Mukamakonzekera, kusankhidwa kwa zida nthawi zambiri kumafuna kuganizira zinthu monga momwe mungathere kugwiritsira ntchito zida zamakina, zomwe zili m'machitidwewo, ndi nkhani yazochita. Poyerekeza ndi njira zopangira zamakina, ma cnc amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zodulira zida. Sikuti zimangoyenda bwino, kulimba mtima, komanso kulimba kwambiri, komanso zimafunikira kukula kokhazikika komanso zida zosavuta. Izi zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano komanso zapamwamba kupanga zida zamagetsi zopangira CNC, ndikukhathamiritsa magawo a chipangizo.
Mukamasankha Chida, kukula kwa chida kuyenera kukhala kogwirizana ndi miyeso ndi mawonekedwe a ntchito yogwira ntchito kuti akonzedwe. Mukukonzekera kupanga, mi lonseyo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zotumphukira. Ndege ya mphero yamphongo, muyenera kusankha zovala za carbide kuzimitsa mitanda; Mukakonza mabwana ndi marooro, sankhani mipata yothamanga kwambiri; Mukamakonza malo owoneka bwino kapena mabowo oyenda oyenda, mutha kusankha zovala za carbide kuyika odula mitengo. Mukamasankha mphero yomaliza yokonza, magawo oyenera a chida amalimbikitsidwa kuti asankhidwe molingana ndi zomwe zachitikazo. Odula mipira yotsiriza nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza malo, koma pokonza malo osanja, wodulayo amadula m'mphepete mwa kumapeto kwa mpira, ndipo kudula kwake ndi osauka, motero odulira mphete kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mu chidutswa chimodzi kapena chofiyira chaching'ono, kuti musinthe zida zamagetsi zolumikizirana, zomwe zimadulidwa kapena zodula zamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ma cell curder, omwe ndi oyenera makina a CNC Zida zokhala ndi mgwirizano wa inxis. Pakukonzekera kwapamwamba kwa malo ena owoneka bwino, mphamvu zake zimakhala zapamwamba kuposa za odula a mpira, ndipo pofuna kukonzanso bwino zitha kupezeka.
Pa Center Center, zida zingapo zimakhazikitsidwa mosiyana ndi magazini ya chida, ndipo chida chamalamulo ndi zida zimasinthidwa nthawi iliyonse malinga ndi malamulo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi ndodo zolumikizira zolumikiza zida wamba, motero zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola, zotopetsa, kukonzanso, kuyikapo molondola pa spindle kapena makina a chipangizo cha makina Chida. Monga pulogalamu, muyenera kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe ndi kusintha kwa chowongolera chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chida chamakina, ndikusintha kukula kwa chida cha radial ndi axiwo muyenera kutsimikizika pakukonzekera. Pakadali pano, malo opangira maina yanga amagwiritsa ntchito njira ya Tsg kum'mawa, ndipo shank yake ili ndi mitundu iwiri: mawonekedwe owongoka (magawo anayi a shank (kuphatikiza mipeni 16).
(2) Kudulidwa kumatsimikiziridwa
Kudula kumaphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa spindle (liwiro lodula), kuchuluka kwa kudula kumbuyo, komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Ponena za njira zosiyanasiyana zosinthira, magawo osiyanasiyana odulira ayenera kusankhidwa, ndipo amayenera kuphatikizidwa mu mndandanda wa pulogalamu. Kusankha koyenera kwa wolamulira wolamulira wa Ripe ndikuti nthawi yayitali, omwe amamwa kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala chinthu chachikulu, koma chuma ndi kukonza ndalama ndi kukonza mtengo wokwanira ziyenera kuganiziridwanso; Semi -liza ndikumaliza kuyenera kutengedwa mogwirizana ndi kuwonetsetsa kuti ndikuwonetsetsa mphamvu, zachuma komanso kukonza mtengo. Mtengo wake uyenera kutsimikizika molingana ndi buku la Chida Chida, kudula buku la paramenti, ndikusiyanitsa zokumana nazo.
Zisanu ndi ziwiri, chida chosintha ndi chida chosinthira chida chotsimikizika
Mukamakonzekera, muyenera kusankha moyenera "malo ogwiritsira ntchito zida" ndi "Zosintha Zazida". "Malo Okhazikika" ndi gawo loyambira la chida pakuyenda kwa ntchito yomwe imagwirizanitsa gawo la makina a CNC. Chifukwa gawo la pulogalamuyo likuperekedwa poyamba pamenepa, malo omwe akukonzekera chida amatchedwanso "pulogalamu yoyambira" kapena "chida choyambira".
Wolamulira wolamulira wosankha mfundo ndi:
1. Sonkhanitsani kugwiritsa ntchito makonzedwe a digito ndikusintha mapulogalamu;
2. Ndikosavuta kutsatira chida chamakina ndikusavuta kuyang'ana pa nthawi yokonzekera;
3. Kulakwitsa kwamphamvu kunayambitsa.
Choyimira chida chitha kusankhidwa pa ntchito kapena kunja kwa ntchito yogwira ntchito (mwachitsanzo, pa fodies kapena pa chida china), koma uyenera kukhala ndi gawo lina lomwe limakhazikitsidwa ndi gawo lomwe likuikidwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi kulondola kwa Makina, malo omwe akukonzekera kuyenera kusankhidwa monga momwe mungathere pakukonzekera kapena kufotokozera kwa gawo, monga malo osungirako nyumbayo, malowa atha kusankhidwa ngati chida Kukhazikitsa. Kuyanjana kwa chida kumagwirizana ndi dzenjelo, kotero kuti "chida" ndi "chida chomwe chikukonzekera". Njira yodziwika bwino m'mafakitale ndikukhazikitsa chizindikiritso choyimbira pa chipangizo cholumikizira, kenako ndikupukutira chida chamakina kuti "chida" chosiyana ndi chida. Zabwino kwambiri kusagwirizana, kudali kolondola kwa mawonekedwe a chida. Malo omwe amatchedwa "chida" amatanthauza nsonga ya chida chosintha ndi chida chotopetsa; nsonga ya kubowola; Pakatikati pa pansi pamtunda wa mphero ndi kumapeto kwa Mphero, ndipo pakatikati pa mpira wa mpira wa mpira. Pambuyo pa magawo ndi zida, mgwirizano wogwirizira ntchito ndi chipangizo chogwirizanitsa makina ali ndi kulumikizana kwina. Pambuyo pa malo ogwiritsira ntchito malo ogwiritsira ntchito ntchito yake ndi, kuwongolera mtengo woyamba wa malo oyamba kuchokera pa chida. Mtengo wogwirizana wa malo omwe ali mu chipangizo cha makina ogwirizanitsa dongosolo ndi (x0, Y0). Mukakhala ndi njira yotheratu, ngakhale chida chokhazikitsidwa ndi chilengedwe chizigwirizana bwanji, ndi X2 ndi Y2; Makonzedwe owonjezera, pomwe chida chomwe chikukonzekera chikugwirizana ndi cholembera cholembedwa, cholumikizira cha block yoyamba ndi x2 ndipo y2 sakulumikiza, ndi (x1 + x2), y1 + y2). Malo okhazikitsa a chipangizo si chiyambi chabe cha pulogalamuyo, komanso chimaliziro cha mwambowu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kulingalira za kulondola kwa malo omwe akukonzekerani pa Batch. Kulondola kungakhale koyesedwa ndi mtengo wogwirizana (x0, y0) ya chida chokhazikitsidwa kutali ndi chiyambi cha makina. Wotchedwa "Makina Omwe Amachokera" amatanthauza malo okhazikika pamakina. Mwachitsanzo, kwa lathe, imanenanso za njira yolowera pakati pa malo osinthira a shaft ndi kumapeto kwa mutu chuk. Chidacho chikayenera kusinthidwa panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito, chida chosinthira chida ziyenera kulamulidwa. Choyimira chotere "chosinthira cha chida" ndicho mawonekedwe a chipangizocho pomwe ali ndi mbiri ndikusintha. Mfundoyi ikhoza kukhala malo okhazikika (monga chida chamakina ogwiritsira ntchito makina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dipulator), kapena malo otsutsana (monga lathe). Chosintha cha chida chiyenera kukhala kunja kwa ntchito kapena chofufumitsa, ndipo chida chogwiritsira ntchito sichikukhudza ntchito kapena ziwalo zina zikakhala ndi mbiri. Mtengo wokhazikika umatha kutsimikizika ndi njira zothandizira kapena zowerengera.
8. Njira yokonzekera ikutsimikizika
Mu CNC Kugwiritsa ntchito makina, njira ya chida chogwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka wogwirira ntchito amatchedwa njira yopangira. Mukamakonzekera, pali mfundo zotsatirazi kuti mudziwe kutalika kwa njira yosinthira:
1) Njira yosinthira kuyenera kuonetsetsa kulondola ndi kukhazikika kwa magawo okonzedwa, ndipo mphamvu ziyenera kukhala zazitali.
2) Pangani kuwerengera manambala kosavuta kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa ntchito.
3) Njira yosinthira iyenera kukhala yochepa kwambiri, kuti ichepetse gawo la pulogalamuyo ndi nthawi ya chida chopanda kanthu. Pankhani ya digiri ndipo kupitirira, iyenera kupitilira, kapena magawo angapo kuti amalize kukonza, komanso poyerekeza, ngakhale kuti musankhe mphero kapena zodulira, etc.
Kwa zida zamakina za CNC Chifukwa chake, zida zoterezi ziyenera kupanga njira yotengera mtunda waufupi kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa chitsimikizo cha chikalatacho kuyenera kutsimikizika. Kukula kwake kumatsimikiziridwa ndi bowo lakuya kwa gawo loyambirira, koma masikelo othandiza ayenera kuganiziridwanso, monga chiyambi choyambirira komanso kuchuluka kwa chida.
